PART 7    Ch.XLI.12

The great Pelasgian empire

(The Pelasgian language)

 

PART 7

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XLI. 12. Barbarian incantations.

 

Cato the Old, born at Tusculum in 234bc, communicates (R. R. c. 160; Heim, Incantamenta magica, p. 534) the following two versions of an incantation for sprains:                         

Version 1: Huat, hauat, huat, ista pista sista, dannabo Damnaustra.

            Version 2: Huat, haut, haut, ista sistar sis ardannabon Dunnaustra (Dannaustra)

 

The Romans attributed generally a particular magical power to the incantation of barbarian origin, “externa verba et effabilia”, or spoken in a corrupt Latin language, “Latina inopinata” (Pliny, H. N. XXVIII. 4. 6).

But the Roman literati have tried to introduce Latin forms also in the barbarian incantations, without understanding the real meaning of the words.

So, the words ista sista from the incantation of Cato have nothing to do with the feminine pronoun “ista”, and neither with the verb “sistere”.

The first two verses of this incantation “Huat, hauat, huat, ista sista” are only simple fragments from a folk love incantation, in which is invoked the help of the stars. In Romanian form:

                        Uhu, uhu, stea, stea! (TN – uhu,uhu, star, star!)

                        Tote stelele se stea! (TN – all the stars to stay!)

(Tocilescu, Mater. Folk. p. 685)

 

In regard to the second part of the text of this incantation: dannabo, or sis ardannabon Damnaustra, the words have been wrongly separated and written. A more correct form would be: si s’ar da bonna Damn(a) naustra, in Romanian si de ar da buna Domna nostra (TN – and if good our Lady would give).

 

A second incantation found with Cato is (R. R. c. 160; Heim, Incant. Mag. p. 533):

            Version 1: Motas vaeta, daries dardaries astataries dissunapiter.

            Version 2: Moetas Vaeta, daries dardaries asiadarides una petes.

 

The correct separation of these words should be: Mo tas vaeta. Daries dar daries asia daries  (asta tarries), Diss una piter.

Daries” is a barbarian form, the 2nd singular person of the optative present, Romanian dare-asi, -ai, - ar, - am, - ati, - ar (TN – a da = to give).

We have the same optative, but with the auxiliary verb placed in front, also in the first incantation: “si s’ar da bon(na) Dunnaustra”.

The French chronicler Aimoin tells that in the time of Justinian, a barbarian king being taken prisoner, the emperor offered him a seat near him and invited him to give back the occupied provinces. Non’ dabo (= nu dau / TN – I do not give), said he, and the emperor replied: Daras, a barbarian form of the verb “dare” (Cantu, Hist. univ. VII. 461), Macedorom. “se daresi”, Rom. “se fie se dai” (TN – let it be that you gave).

The last words: “Diss una piter” are a vocative from the nominative “Deus unus pater”. As it is known, Jupiter was also known as Dis and Diespiter.

We find the same words in Romanian incantations and folk verses under the forms:

“Nu te vaieta” (Marian, Descantece, p. 102); “Taci, nu te vaieta” (Tiplea, Poesii pop. p, 101); “Dare-ar Dumnedeu”; “Dare-ar Domnul Dumnedeu”; “De ar da Dumnedeu, de ar da” (Tocilescu, Mater. Folk. 319. 324. 1009; Hasdeu, Cuv. II. 4).

The whole meaning of this barbarian incantation would be therefore the following:

                        Ne (non te) vagita. Uti des, utinam des, ast utinam des (salutem),

                        Dis une pater!

Romanian:      Nu te vaieta. Dare-ai, de ai da, asa de ai da sanatate,

Domne, unule parinte!

(TN – Do not lament. May you give, if you gave, so that if you gave health, God, one parent!).

 

The repetition of the verses, or of the words, for three and five times was, according to the ancient beliefs of the Romans, an essential condition for the prayer or incantation to have the required effect, “to stick”.

In the song of the Brothers Arvali, the first five verses are repeated three times, the last word five times. Pliny writes: “Caesar”, as it is told, being once overturned with his carriage and in order not to have any other future travel accident, repeated three times a certain formula (carmine ter repetito) each time he climbed into the carriage, which as we know, many others do in our own days” (H. N. XXVIII. 4. 6).

 

Various incantations of barbarian origin have been preserved in the medicine treatise of Marcellus Empiricus (4th century ad), who had lived at the court of emperor Throdosius I.

One of these incantations is the following (De medicam. XV. 105, 106; Heim, Incantamenta magica, p. 532): if something got stuck in somebody’s throat, rub the neck and say:

Xi exucrione xu criglionalsus scrisu miovelor exugri conexu grilau”.

The words are barbarian, but extremely corrupt and must be separated thus:

(E)xi e xucrio nexu criglio nalsus, scrisu miove….lor e xugrico nexu grilau ( = criglio).

 

Under this form, the incantation of Marcellus corresponds to the following verses of Romanian incantations:

Esi….din creierii capului, din sgarciu nasului, din meduva oselor” (TN – come out from the brains of the head, from the cartilage of the nose, from the marrow of the bones. Tocilescu, Mater. Folk. 616. 620. 638. 655. 582; Teodorescu, Poesii pop. 367).

Here criglio and grilau have the same meaning with the Romanian “creieri” (TN – brains); xucrio, scrisu and xugrico = sgarciu (TN – cartilage); nalsus =  nasului (TN – of the nose), and miove…lor = “meduva oselor” (TN – marrow of the bones).

In other ancient incantations which have been preserved in a codex of the monastery at St. Gal (9th century), the popular words “meduva oselor” are translated in Latin with “move de ossa” and “a medullis ad ossa” (Heim, Incant. Mag. p. 564. 558).

It must be noted that the barbarian language of this incantation is characterized by the post-posed article lor (miovelor = meduva /ose/ lor, and a dislocated l in nalsus = nasului.

 

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